Induced regulatory B cells stably expressing interleukin-10 reverse central nervous system autoimmunity by targeting myeloid cells.

N6-induced regulatory B cells expressing IL-10 at over 95% frequency reverse CNS autoimmunity by targeting myeloid cells in experimental models.

• Why it matters: Understanding how to generate high-frequency IL-10-producing B cells is crucial for developing therapies for neuroinflammatory diseases like multiple sclerosis, where immune regulation is impaired.
• What they did: Researchers screened compounds and identified N6, which promoted stable IL-10 expression in over 95% of B cells, and transferred these cells into mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, observing remission and CNS accumulation.
• The result: Transfer of IL-10+ B cells modulated myeloid cells, especially microglia, and the effect was lost in mice lacking IL-10 receptor in myeloid cells; an N6 analog also corrected IL-10 defects in B cells from multiple sclerosis patients, suggesting therapeutic potential.