4D nucleome landscape reveals dissolution of bipartite active X chromosome in liver cancer development.

Bipartite active X chromosome structure dissolves in liver cancer tissues, with disruption linked to premalignant transition in mice and humans.

• Why it matters: Understanding X chromosome organization in liver cancer is crucial because its structural changes may influence gene regulation and disease progression, yet this aspect remains underexplored.
• What they did: The study used F1 hybrid mice and human hepatic tissues to analyze X chromosome conformation, gene activation, and the effects of boundary deletion via CRISPR-Cas3, revealing structural and functional alterations.
• The result: Dissolution of the bipartite X chromosome structure correlates with liver fibrosis and HCC, and boundary deletion promotes premalignant transition, suggesting X conformation changes may facilitate liver cancer development.