Liver transplantation for primary liver cancers in the era of transplant oncology.

Liver transplantation remains the most effective curative approach for primary liver cancers, with transplant eligibility now based on dynamic assessments of survival and tumor biology.

• Why it matters: Optimizing patient selection and expanding transplant options are crucial as primary liver cancers often involve complex tumor biology and limited treatment responses, necessitating personalized strategies.
• What they did: The study reviews the multi-step process of liver transplantation, including neoadjuvant treatments like bridging and downstaging, and discusses emerging biomarkers such as circulating tumour DNA, circulating tumour cells, and microRNAs.
• The result: Incorporating these biomarkers and treatment strategies may improve candidate selection, enable earlier detection of recurrence, and support a more personalized, biology-driven approach to liver transplantation for primary liver cancers.