Suaeda salsa: stress adaptation, soil restoration, and agronomic potential in salt-affected environments.

Suaeda salsa achieves optimal growth at 200 mM NaCl and tolerates salinity up to 400 mM NaCl through coordinated salt-tolerance responses.

• Why it matters: Understanding how S. salsa's physiological, biochemical, molecular, and microbial traits support salt tolerance is crucial for advancing saline agriculture and soil restoration efforts.
• What they did: The study reviews S. salsa's salt-tolerance mechanisms, including Na+ sequestration, K+/Na+ homeostasis, osmotic adjustment, antioxidant defenses, and microbial interactions, based on its responses to varying salinity levels.
• The result: These traits enable S. salsa to enhance biomass and photosynthetic protection under moderate salinity, support reproductive success in fluctuating environments, and promote saline-soil reclamation, highlighting its potential for breeding and practical use in saline environments.